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Syncope and pneumomediastinum during the maxillary sinus elevation with an airsyringe: a case report

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±è¼ö¿Ï ( Kim Su-Wan ) - Jeju National University School of Medicine Jeju National University Hospital Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
ÀÌÁ¾±Ù ( Lee Jong-Geun ) - Jeju National University School of Medicine Jeju National University Hospital Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
¼ÛÁö¿µ ( Song Ji-Young ) - Jeju National University School of Medicine Jeju National University Hospital Department of Dentistry

Abstract

Á¾°Ýµ¿±âÁ¾Àº Ä¡°ú ¿µ¿ª¿¡¼­ ¸Å¿ì µå¹°°í ÀáÀçÀûÀ¸·Î À§ÇèÇÑ ÇÕº´ÁõÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌÀÇ ÈçÇÑ ¿øÀÎÀ¸·Î´Â ÇÚµåÇǽº¿Í °í¾Ð °ø±â/ ¹° ÁÖ»ç±â¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¹ßÄ¡, ±Ù°üÄ¡·á, ÀÕ¸ö ¹Ø Ä¡Àº¿¬ÇÏ ¼ÒÆļú µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. º» Áõ·Ê´Â ÀÓÇöõÆ® ½Ä¸³À» À§ÇÑ Àü Ä¡·á·Î ÁÖ»ç±â¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© »ó¾Çµ¿¿¡ °ñÀ̽ÄÀ» ½ÃÇà¹ÞÀº 61¼¼ ¿©ÀÚ¿¡°Ô¼­ ¹ß»ýÇÑ ´ë·®ÀÇ Á¾°Ýµ¿±âÁ¾°ú ÇÇÇϱâÁ¾ÀÇ Áõ·ÊÀÌ´Ù. ȯÀÚ´Â Ä¡·á µµÁß °©ÀÛ½º·´°Ô ¹ß»ýÇÑ ±¸°­ ÅëÁõ°ú ÇÔ²² ÀÇ½Ä ¼Ò½ÇÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¿´°í, ÀÀ±Þ½Ç·Î Àü¿ø µÇ¾ú´Ù. ¿µ»óÇÐÀû °Ë»ç»ó Á¾°Ýµ¿±âÁ¾°ú ÇÔ²² ¾ó±¼°ú ¸ñºÎÀ§ Àüü¿¡ ÇÇÇϱâÁ¾ÀÌ ¹ß°ßµÇ¾ú´Ù. ¿¹¹æÀû Ç×»ýÁ¦, »ê¼Ò ÈíÀÔ, ±Ý½Ä µîÀÇ º¸Á¸Àû Ä¡·á°¡ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ³°í, ÇÕº´Áõ ¾øÀÌ 7ÀÏ ¸¸¿¡ Åð¿øÇÏ¿´´Ù. ȯÀÚÀÇ ½Ç½ÅÀº ½Ã¼ú Áß »ó¾Çµ¿ õ°ø ÈÄ °ú·®ÀÇ °ø±âÀ¯ÀÔÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ ¹ß»ýÇÑ Á¾°Ýµ¿±âÁ¾¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¼ø°£ÀûÀÎ °­ÇÑ ÈäºÎ ¾Ð¹ÚÀ¸·Î Ç÷¾Ð °¨¼Ò¿Í ÅëÁõ ¼ï¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢µÈ´Ù. Ä¡°ú Ä¡·á Áß È¯ÀÚ°¡ ÀǽÄÀ» ÀÒ¾ú´Ù¸é ±âµµ Æó¼âÀÇ À§Ç輺ÀÌ Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ Á¾°Ýµ¿±âÁ¾À» Áï°¢ÀûÀ¸·Î °¨º°ÇÏ°í Ä¡·áÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

Pneumomediastinum is a very rare and potentially catastrophic complication of dental procedures. Its common causes are tooth extraction, endodontic treatment, and subgingival curettage using handpieces and high-pressure air/water syringes. We present a case of massive pneumomediastinum with subcutaneous emphysema in a 61-year-old female who underwent bone grafting into the maxilla for pretreatment of dental implantation using a syringe. The patient suffered from abrupt severe odynophagia and loss of consciousness. The patient transferred to emergency department and images work-up revealed a pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema on the entire face and neck. We performed conservative treatments including prophylactic antibiotics, oxygen inhalation, and fasting meals, and then discharge after 7 days uneventfully. The patient¡¯s syncope might be resulting from hypotension and pain shock induced by pneumomediastinum with a sudden chest compression. The pneumomediastinum could be resulting from concurrent perforation and massive air infiltration into the maxillary sinus during bone grafting. We suggest that pneumomediastinum needs prompt diagnosis and management because of the risk of airway obstruction when a patient present syncope in the dental room.

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pneumomediastinum; emphysema; syncope; dental implantation

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