Inhibitory Effects on Oral Microbial Activity and Production of Lipopolysaccharides-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Mediators in Raw264.7 Macrophages of Ethanol Extract of Perilla flutescens (L.) Britton
정문진, 임도선, 이명화, 허경원, 김한홍, 정순정,
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정문진 ( Jeong Moon-Jin ) - Chosun University School of Dentistry Department of Oral Histology and Developmental Biology
임도선 ( Lim Do-Seon ) - Eulji University Graduate School of Public Health Science Department of Dental Hygiene
이명화 ( Lee Myoung-Hwa ) - Chosun University School of Dentistry Department of Oral Histology and Developmental Biology
허경원 ( Heo Kyung-Won ) - Chosun University School of Dentistry Department of Oral Histology and Developmental Biology
김한홍 ( Kim Han-Hong ) - Hyejeon College Department of Dental Hygiene
정순정 ( Jeong Soon-Jeong ) - Youngsan University Department of Dental Hygiene
Abstract
Background: The leaves of Perilla frutescens, commonly called perilla and used for food in Korea, contain components with a variety of biological effects and potential therapeutic applications. The purpose of this study was to identify the components of 70% ethanol extracted Perilla frutescens (EEPF) and determine its inhibitory effects on oral microbial activity and production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated Raw264.7 macrophages, consequently, to confirm the possibility of using EEPF as a functional component for improving the oral environment and preventing inflammation.
Methods: One kg of P. frutescens leaves was extracted with 70% ethanol and dried at ?70oC. EEPF was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography analysis, and antimicrobial activity against oral microorganisms was revealed using the disk diffusion test. Cell viability was elucidated using a methylthiazolydiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay, and the effect of EEPF on LPS-induced morphological variation was confirmed through microscopic observation. The effect of EEPF on LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory mediators, NO and PGE2 was confirmed by the NO assay and PGE2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results: The main component of EEPF was rosemarinic acid, and EEPF showed weak anti-bacterial and anti-fungal effects against microorganisms living in the oral cavity. EEPF did not show toxicity to Raw264.7 macrophages and had inhibitory effects on the morphological variations and production of pro-inflammatory mediators, NO and PGE2 in LPS-stimulated Raw264.7 macrophages.
Conclusion: EEPF can be used as a functional material for improving the oral environment through the control of oral microorganisms and for modulating inflammation by inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators.
키워드
Oral microbial activity; Perilla frutescens; Pro-Inflammatory Mediator; Raw264.7 cells; Rosmarinic acid
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