Bioactivity of endodontic biomaterials on dental pulp stem cells through dentin
Javid Bahar, Panahandeh Narges, Torabzadeh Hassan, Nazarian Hamid, Parhizkar Ardavan, Asgary Saeed,
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( Javid Bahar ) - Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences School of Dentistry Department of Restorative Dentistry
( Panahandeh Narges ) - Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Research Institute of Dental Sciences Dental Research Center
( Torabzadeh Hassan ) - Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Research Institute of Dental Sciences Dental Research Center
( Nazarian Hamid ) - Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences School of Medicine Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences
( Parhizkar Ardavan ) - Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Research Institute of Dental Sciences Iranian Center for Endodontic Research
( Asgary Saeed ) - Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Research Institute of Dental Sciences Iranian Center for Endodontic Research
Abstract
Objectives: This study investigated the indirect effect of calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), as 2 calcium silicate-based hydraulic cements, on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) through different dentin thicknesses.
Materials and Methods: Two-chamber setups were designed to simulate indirect pulp capping (IPC). Human molars were sectioned to obtain 0.1-, 0.3-, and 0.5-mm-thick dentin discs, which were placed between the 2 chambers to simulate an IPC procedure. Then, MTA and CEM were applied on one side of the discs, while hDPSCs were cultured on the other side. After 2 weeks of incubation, the cells were removed, and cell proliferation, morphology, and attachment to the discs were evaluated under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDXA) spectroscopy was performed for elemental analysis. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was assessed quantitatively. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests.
Results: SEM micrographs revealed elongated cells, collagen fibers, and calcified nucleations in all samples. EDXA verified that the calcified nucleations consisted of calcium phosphate. The largest calcifications were seen in the 0.1-mm-thick dentin subgroups. There was no significant difference in ALP activity across the CEM subgroups; however, ALP activity was significantly lower in the 0.1-mm-thick dentin subgroup than in the other MTA subgroups (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: The employed capping biomaterials exerted biological activity on hDPSCs, as shown by cell proliferation, morphology, and attachment and calcific precipitations, through 0.1- to 0.5-mm-thick layers of dentin. In IPC, the bioactivity of these endodontic biomaterials is probably beneficial.
키워드
Calcium-enriched mixture cement; Dental pulp; Dental pulp capping; Endodontics; Mineral trioxide aggregate; Stem cells
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